Carbureter.



f UNITED lrefrain onirica..

of the city lTo all whom it may concern:

- arrangement of spray .and `drawlngs accompanymg fully ldescribed herein,

the appended claims.'

lf; showingsection through any device on; the line 3-3 device 'shoi'igf the.- throttle :val-ve lever ar':

-'scribed. two parts 3, V4, connected by` a screw-joint WALTER r; eaArH, or'sr. Louis, Missocm.

Specification o f Ietters Patent. Application med setember 7, 1911.

v Patented serial No. 648,201.

Be it known that-I, VALTER I. Gnit'rrr, a l citizen of the United States, and a resident` of Slt. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in I4`loz`i-t-li`e'ed Carbureters, of l which the'following' is a specification.

y invention relates to liquid fuel car-- bureters of the' type .commonly used with explosion engines, wherein the fuel supply is regulated by means `ofla float chamber, and is particularly directed to the form and I nozzle and air pass 'ages whereby carburetionof the fuel lis secured. l

The object of my invention is to provide a liquid fuel carbureter especially adapted to the requirements of automobile, motor boa-t, and aeroplane explosion engines; `which shall be light in weight4 and compact in design; and Which shall give a gaseousfuel mixture suited to the particular needs of ysuch engines under all conditions of. operation.

With these objects in View I havedevised constructed the carburete'r shown in the and forming a part thereof, and which is embodying certain novel and useful features of mylnventionl which I have particularly pointed out linf in which likecharacters parts throughout In 'the V'draw-in are used tofdesignatelike theseveral Vieweg-Fi el is azvertical section)` through my: device taken -on the :line lf-l in Fig. 4; Fig.'2 is-a horizontal section through the .samefon' the line 2-2 inf'Fig. ,ft-hel auxiliary -valve ring l my. applicz'ationl formed; between/,the

and thje top ,wall

partly broken, away; Figg is a lhorizontalinfEgiY1, showin-'g-4 a top View of the Vfloat Figc-tis' a top -v'iew omy device j and Fig.j5f,i s,a partial `side elevation of my.l

rangement, and 'hot Water connections. 4

4My' carbureter comprises tvv'oluarl.-V parts, a mixing and carbureting'charnber 1, and a float Ychamber. 2, each substantially cylindrical shape, ,and-,arranged with-their axes in vertical ali-nement, the mixing cham# ber beingpositioned' above the float chamber, and secured together as hereinafter de- The mixing-'chamber' is formedof .these flanges is'providedl wlth'a A internally threaded ring screwedupfa'nd z.down thereon to partly close 5, the upper of which parts 3,.is adapted to be attached to the gineby means of a drilled and threaded mounted in,a similar the pipe. The

to' receive screws lpipes connected with annular chamber 7 to heat the walls of the mixing chamber. Y A

A throttle valve 10 is mounted in the upper part of the mixing chamber to close the outlet therefrom to the pipe leading. to the engine. This .throttle valv'e is .controlled by means of a crank 1l mounted outside the carbureter on. the extremity of the pivot supporting'the throttlevalve, the limits of the movementof the throttle valve being determined by adjustable stops 12 on the upper' member ofthe mixing'chamber, arranged in the crank 11, as shownl 1n Figs. tandvy i The lower end of themixing chamber 1 1s contracted into'a centr-al passage 14; leadingdown into anyannular; chamber 15 mixing chambcr',`'f form of al graduallyV contracting 'tube 17, 18 of the float chamber', which is formed with a' central lower Wal-l ofthe mime chamber and u Wallo the' doet pp chamber; -respectixfel 'fandsystem of the engine,y

path offa'lug 13 oni the i Nov. 191,2.

pipe leading to the/en? peripheral flange 6, v

flange in theendy of v member-3 is formed `with an i annular chamber 7 surrounding the upper v with i lowerwall. 16 A,of the hich isfextelnfied inthe l y v.depression V1 y :19. Annula'r tlangesQO, 21 formed on the screvythreaded 'to engage with-each' other,

provide va rigid connection between the mixme-ehmber same completely close the outer yentrance to., the annular' passage 1 5. Oneof of small openings.I

thesameelevat on yvith respectto.A the horizontalvplanewf the top of the float'chamber. Surroundingthi's flange, which is; provided 'and loatchamber, and at the '100 plurality 22Snacedfaround it at equal dtistancesapart "and lall disposed at' .Withfscrewt-hreads on' its exterior, is; 1f.

more Q ..1:ess'the openingseig4 22'.- Thisring 23 adapted 'to small spring catch 24 proJectfing into one of a series of vvertical grooves' 25 on' the exterior .of the ring.

, In the bottom '.wall 16'of the mixing land earbureting chamber and surrounding the central passage 14 are arranged openings 26 spaced at equal intervals around acircle' having its center on the axis of the carbureter. The top surface of the lower wall 16 of the mixing .chamber is finished smooth to. provide a uniform bearing for the auxll'lary airiv'alve 28, ametal ring with a smooth 'lower surface adaptedv to rest on the upper surface of the lower wall 16 of the mixing chamber andclose thel openings 26 theref through in-normal position.- An internally threaded flanged ring 2 7 is adjusted on the flange 20 to partly'close mlm-ng.

,td'positlon the metal ring concentrically wit yrespect ltothe axis of the carbureter, landatthe same t1 me introduces a slight amount of. frictiog toy oppose'the vertical 'tliejbottom ofthe float chamber,

movement of the ring due to vibration of the' parts or to varlations 4in the difference -ofp'ressur'e between the mixing chamber and external air,l resulting 'in a dead beat valve. j s

Liquid fuel is supplied to the carbureter through the' opening l30 located. centrally in and fitted with a vvalve 31 controlled by the float 32. The'pipe-from the source of liquid fuel supply -may be attached to the threaded extensio'n 33 on the underside of the loat chamber, through which a passage 34 leads to the valve 31 before mentloned. Projecting upwardfromthe depressed top wall 19 of the l oat chamber into the central passage 14 vcarbureting chamber,

its side wall near the top,

fzle so `as to be at ving 30j in and the lower portion of the mixing and' is-the spray nozzle 36,

communicating with the float-chamber by means of. a central passage 35. -The spray nozzle is closed at the top, but is provided with spray oriiices 37, 37, arranged around these orifices being spaced along theaxis of the spray nozva ing distances above liquid fuel in the float the.A 4level of. he.

slightly smaller in diameter than the opene bottom of the float chamber ge 35 leading to the spray noz- 'm extends .through the opening 30 and ,atzg chamber into ythe passage 35, thus insuringthat the valve shall remain in 23. Surround chamber. This spring stripservesalinement with its.seat. Nuts 39, '40, ad' justable on this stem, serve yto osition between them the spider 41 to whlch 'the float 32 is attached, which is thus vertically adjustable with respect to the valve 31, whereby the level of the liquid fuel in the ioat chamber may be adjusted to stand normally at any desired height whatever the specific gravityof the fuel. A drain opening closed wlth a plug 42 is also provided in the bottom wal-l of the iioat chamber.

Warm air is supplied to the carbureter by means of a pipe 44 leading from the region of the' exhaust manifold or other hot part of the engine, to the split casingt Surrounding the lower part of the carbureter and inclosing the sides of the float chamber and an annular space 46 surrounding the contracted lower portion of the mixing and carburetingI chamber, chamber and fuel therein. 'A small hole 43 in the top wall 18 of the float chamber' provides a means' of communication between the space 46 and the interior of the float chamber. By loosening the clamping screws and nuts 47 which secure the two parts of the split casing 45 together and to the walls of the mixin chamber, the casing may be slipped down ar enough to permit access to the rings 23 and 27 for adjusting them. t

The operation of myrdevice is as follows: Liquid fuel being admitted to the float chamber through the supply pipe will rise therein until the float is raised high enou h to shut olf the supply at the valve 31, tie level of liquid fuel in .the float chamber being kept normally slightly below the top of the ioat in the closed position of the valve 31, but owing to the sluggish action of' the float and valve, and variations in the rate of consumption of the fuel, the level of the liquid will vary considerably in actual service,

and at times the iioat chamber may be nearly empty, while at other times it may be filled to the top wall.

Upon starting up the engine the pressure in the pipe leading tllereto from the carbureter will be greatly reduced, and if the throttle valve 10 be partly or fully open the pressure in the mixing chamber will fall to approximately the same degree or amount. As the liquid in the float chamber is under atmospheric pressure, on account of the hole 43' providing open communication with the space 46, the moment the pressure in the mixing chamber is reduced some liquid will be forced through the 'passage 35 into .the spray nozzle 36, and will issue from the orifices 37 at the upper extremity thereof into the mixing and carbureting chamber in the form of jets. Meanwhile air has been passing through the openings 22 and the passages 15 and 14 into the mixing chamber past the orifices 37 from which the jets of warming the float f at what diierence of pressures this action ferent elevations less `air to pai liquidjfuel `are issuing, and as this air is more'forless warmed before enteringthe carbureterRittakes up this fine spray oftV liquid felfand, vaporizes it, forming an explosive gaseous mixture.v The area of the openings 2-2'gfcan rbeyaried to allow more or `t a given difference of pres` equird toform a gaseous edediredrifchness.

eures, as ma mixture oftli If the differeneehinsp essure between; the pressure in the mixingc; ber and that of the external air in thespac; 46 surrounding the'mixing chamber is'gije'at enoughthe valve ring 28 will be lifted more or less, de-l pending" on the amount of unbalanced pres-l sure, and the openings 26 uncovered, thus allowing more or less air to rush into the mixing chamber to' equalize the pressures; but this action will not take place until the difference in pressures. is considerable, as when the throttle valve is fully opened or the engine is runningatliigli speed.

advantage of this graduated additionalair supply `is in pi'eventingfthe gaseous mi`xture from being too rich under these vary-' ing conditions. The relative weight of the` ring and size o the openings 26 determine' shall take place, and may be so chosen as to give the desired results. `The relative proportions indicated on the .drawings have been found to give excellent results with the ring made of brass. In order to adapt the carburetory to varying atmospheric condi,- tions the areaof the free passage through the openings may be adjusted-by raising or lowering' the flanged ring 27. y' The particular advantages of-my carbu-- reter lie in warming the entering air, in sur rounding the float chamber with a jacket ot warm air to make the liquid fuel vaporize readily, and in surrounding the mixing chamber with a jacketofhot water to insure complete vaporization` of the 'liquid the orifices in the spray nozzle ata considerable distance above the normal level of the liquid fuel in the float chamber, thus minimizing the variation in the amount of fuel fed underconstant difference of pressures, or suction, on accountv` of variations in the level of the liquid fuel in the Heat chamber; the provision of a plurality of orifices in the spray nozzle at difabove the level of .liquid fuel 4.in the float chamber, whereby'the-num-- beiI of orifices functioning to ldeliver fueldepends on the amount of the difference in. pressure within and without the mixing chamber, or degree of suction; the peculiar proportions and arrangement of air` pas-` sages resulting in a very effective mixing of the air and fuel; the arrangement of parts 'automatically controlling the richness of theI mixture; and the possibility of adjustment to meet varying conditions of the atmos- `space betweenthe .top walliof the bei' said tubul controllingsaid l partly closing centric spray nozzle, past said spray nozzle, aconcentric partition phere as well as different densities of .I

carbliret'- anda float chamber mg 'in vertical axial aline-- ment, means concentrically arranged in said float chamber adapted to maintain liquidi fuel at a constant level therein, a'ndfa spray. nozzle concentric withv lessthan one `and one-quarter inches above said liquid fuel level. 2. In a carbureter, in combination with a concentric axial verticallyv disposedA mixing and carbureting chamber and a float chamber, ""said vfloat cham rl being secured to said within said-tubular; extension, an annularf ange connecting air space surrounding with the.

said chambers and colirmtmicatin ar extension by means of' openings in said ange, and means forV partly closing said openings.,

3.- In a carbureter, infcombination with a concentric axial vertically disposed mixing and carbureting chamber and a fioatcha'mber, said float .chamber being secured to said mixing andv carbureting chamber by means of a iange,anannular air space surrounding said flange, passages of said mixing. and'carbu'reting chamber into said annular air space an automatic valve passages, openings through said flange into passages leading ing and carbureting chamber,

Said openings.

In a carbureter, a circular Walled mix- -ing'and carbureting means for admitting air forming part' of the lower wall of p said mixing and carbureting-chamber,

said partition4 being located below the extremity of said spray nozzle and provided withfspaced openings said float chamberffl and having a series of vertically spaced Orif fices the lowest of which is positioned;not'

ways.,-

What I claim as my'invention, and to secure by Letters A in c'ombinaticnzwith a chamber 'n ben-'sai extension projecting v oat chaml' 110,9

to said mixx and Nmeans for chamber having a conf therethrough for, supplying-additional air" to .said mixing and carbureting chamber, a#

weight valve seated on said partition closing said. openings in from said mixingand carbureting. u

5. In a carbureter, a circular Walled mix 'y nally i tition forming v'tion being. provided with openings th .said openings in normal chamber.

ing chamber and' extending down outside the float chamber to provide a space therebetween, said casing being provided with an inturned flange at its lower end to meet the bottom of the float chamber, and means for supplying vwarm air to said casing.

8. In a carbureter comprising an exterand carburetmg chamber, adjustable. nally vcylindrical mixing and carbureting means :tor partly closing said openings al chamber and a float chamber vertically ai weight valve: seated onA said partition and i ranged on the same axis, and connected by closing 4said,openings- ;in normal positionhl screw ianges on the lower and upper walls and a thottlesvalve in the out-let passage \of each respectively, openings through one from said mixingand carbureting chamber.v of said flanges into passages leading to the 6. In a carbureter, a circular walled mixmixing and carbureting chamber, and an ining and carbureting chamber having a coni ternally threaded ring arranged on the exoentric spray nozzle, means for admitting l tei-lor o f said iiange and adapted to partly air past said spray nozzle, a concentric parclose said openings.

` part of the lower Wall of said 9. Ina carbureter comprising an externally cylindrical mixing and carbureting chamber and a float chamber veigically arranged on the same axis, and connected by screw flanges on the lower and upper walls of each respectively, openings through one of said iianges into passages leading to the mixing and carbureting chamber, an internally threaded ring arrange on the exterior of said iange and adapted to partly close said openings, spaced notches on the exterior of said ring, and a spring detent adapted to cooperate with said' notches to maintain the ring in adjusted position on said iiange.

Signed at St. Louis, of September, 1911.

IVALTER I?. GRATI-I.

ing and carbureting chamber having a concentric spray nozzle, means for admitting air past .said spray nozzle, aconcentric partition forming part of the lower wall of said mixiyg and carbureting chamber, said partition being 'provided with opengs. there-l through for supplying additional airbtp said mixing mixing and carbureting chamber, said partierehrough for supplying additional air to `said `ixing and carbureting chamber, aA weight valve seated on said partition and closing position, spring means -for positioning 'said weight valve centrally on said partition', said spring means tending to prevent movement ot' said valve verticallyv'with respect to'said dia-v phragm, and a the outlet throttle. valve in passage Jfrom .said mixing `and carburetmg 7. In a carbnreter comprising an exterl cylindrical mixing and carburetingl float chamber' vertically ari ranged on the "same axis, the mixing and ca'rbureting chamber being of slightly greater diameter than the iioat chamber, a split casing adapted to be clamped, to the lower side Wall of the mixing and carburet- Missouri` this 5th day chamber and a iitnesses A. M. HoLooMur.,

M. A. SHEL'rox.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington; D. C.-

Copies of this patent may be obtained for 

